Bio mechanics and sports

Bio mechanics and sports

1. Biomechanics

*made up of bio+ mechanics = living thing + field of physics.

*the study and analysis of movement pattern in sports is called biomechanics.

2. Importance of biomechanics

* Helps in improving technique, equipment, performance, training and injuries.

3. Newton laws and its application

* Law of inertia – its use in throwing hammer and wresting.

* Law of acceleration – its use in football.

* Law of reaction – swimming and walking.

4. Levers

* It is simple machine that provides a mechanical advantage to magnify the force necessary to overcome the resistance.

5. Types of lever

* Class – 1 lever = load-fulcrum-effort. Example - action of rower.

* Class – 2 lever = fulcrum-load -effort. Example - pushups and leg lift.

* Class – 3 lever = load -effort-fulcrum. Example – seated bicep curl.

6. Equlibrium

* When all forces acting on a body are counter a balance force by equal and opposite forces. So, ∆f = 0 is called equilibrium.

7. Types of equilibrium

*static equilibrium-when centre of gravity is in stable position.

*dynamic equilibrium- when centre of gravity is in motion position.

8. Principle of stability

* The lower centre of gravity of base support increase stability.

* The nearer centre of gravity of base support increase stability.

* The wider the centre of gravity of base support increase stability.

8. Centre of gravity

* It is a point around which the body or object counter a balanced force.

9. The factor related to movement activities

* (A) The product of force.

   (B) The application of force.

   (C) The absorption of force.

10. Centripital force

* The force which keep the body moving with uniform speed along a circular path and is directed along the radius towards the centre.

11. Centrifugal force

* It opposite force of centripetal force. It is fake force.

5. Somato types (body types)

(a) Endomorph (small height and fatty)

(b) Mesomorph (tall and thin)
(c) Ectomorph (very long and thin also)